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Biomedical waste, also known as medical or clinical waste, is the harmful waste produced during medical treatment, diagnosis, or research. It includes items like used needles, bandages, and body fluids. This waste can spread infections and must be handled and disposed of safely using special bins and procedures
What Counts as Biomedical Waste?
Human or animal tissues and fluids
Used needles and syringes
Soiled dressings, gloves, and masks
Discarded blood bags
Expired medications and chemical reagents
It comes from hospitals, dental clinics, veterinary centers, medical labs—and even homes when someone’s getting treatment there.
Types of Biomedical Waste
Infectious Waste: Items contaminated with blood or body fluids.
Sharps: Needles, blades, and broken glass—can puncture and spread disease.
Pharmaceutical Waste: Expired drugs, vaccines.
Genotoxic Waste: Highly hazardous, from cancer treatments or lab work.
Chemical Waste: Disinfectants, solvents.
Anatomical Waste: Body parts, organs.
Radioactive Waste: From nuclear medicine and cancer therapy.
How is It Managed?
Good biomedical waste management is a multi-step process. It includes:
Segregation – Waste is sorted at the source using color-coded bins.
Collection and Transport – Handled with PPE and sealed containers.
Treatment – Like autoclaving, incineration, or chemical disinfection.
Final Disposal – Either through secure landfilling or controlled incineration.